Appendix - Environmental DNA Results

This appendix carries the site-level detail behind the headline counts in the Results chapter. Field blanks are reported separately because they test the sampling protocol rather than a location. Office blanks are excluded entirely — they are distilled-water controls filtered at the end of a session at accommodation, so although they carry real GPS coordinates, those coordinates record where the filtering happened rather than a stream site. The interactive map is linked at the end.

Per-site detection results

Format: CODE(max_droplets), with * flagging samples that UNBC reran. Detected = ≥4 positive droplets, the call threshold applied by the laboratory. Everything below that threshold is reported as not detected, including 2-3 droplet results that were retested without reaching the cutoff.

A non-detection is only as strong as the evidence that the reaction worked. Internal amplification controls — the lambda-phage and exogenous-plant spike-ins that show a well amplified — were reported for only a minority of samples in this batch. Where they are absent, a zero cannot be distinguished from a failed or inhibited reaction, and the “Not detected” column below should be read as untested rather than negative. Detections are unaffected, since a well returning positive droplets demonstrably amplified.

edna_per_site |>
  fpr::fpr_kable(
    caption_text = "Site-level eDNA detection results across real environmental samples in the Fraser project area. UNBC ID is the lab sample identifier; Pos. control = yes indicates the sample was collected at a site where the target species was also confirmed by electrofishing.",
    scroll = gitbook_on
  )
Table 5.13: Site-level eDNA detection results across real environmental samples in the Fraser project area. UNBC ID is the lab sample identifier; Pos. control = yes indicates the sample was collected at a site where the target species was also confirmed by electrofishing.
Site ID Stream UNBC ID Pos. control Detected Not detected
126158_ds_ed1 Tributary To Stony Lake F61121 RAIN(77) BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0)
126158_us_ed1 Tributary To Stony Lake F61122 yes RAIN(21) BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0)
126349_ds_ed1 Tributary To Cameron Lake F21236 RAIN(39) BULT(0)
196076_ds_ed2a Tributary To Fraser River F41016 RAIN(23) BULT(0), BURB(1), CHIN(0)
196076_ds_ed2b Tributary To Fraser River F41017 RAIN(5) BULT(0), BURB(0), CHIN(0)
196076_us_ed1 Tributary To Fraser River F61125 RAIN(44) BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0)
196085_ds_ed1 Tabor Creek F40915 BURB(8), CHIN(181) BULT(1), SOCK(0)
196085_us_ed1a Tabor Creek F41019 CHIN(8), RAIN(6) BULT(0), BURB(0)
196085_us_ed1b Tabor Creek F41020 CHIN(144), RAIN(128) BULT(0), BURB(0)
196200_us_ed1 Bittner Creek F60808 — BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0), SOCK(0)
196332_ds_ed1 S. Yuzkli Creek F21237 — BULT(0), RAIN2(0)
196332_us_ed1 S. Yuzkli Creek F21238 — BULT(2), RAIN(0), RAIN2(0)
199171_ds_ed1 Tributary To Fraser Lake F60503 RAIN(4) BULT(0), CHIN(0), SOCK(0)
199171_us_ed1 Tributary To Fraser Lake F60504 — BULT(0), CHIN(1), RAIN(3), SOCK(0)
199173_ds_ed1 Tributary To Nechako River F61126 CHIN(16), RAIN(255) BULT(0), COHO(1)
199173_us_ed1 Tributary To Nechako River F61127 yes RAIN(512) BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0)
199174_us_ed1 Tributary To Nechako River F61128 RAIN(38) BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0)
199190_ds_ed1 Creek Creek F60505 RAIN(17) BULT(0), CHIN(0)*, COHO(0), SOCK(0)
199190_us_ed1 Creek Creek F61129 — BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0), RAIN(0)
199237_ds_ed1 Snowshoe Creek F60809 — BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0), SOCK(0)
199237_us_ed1 Snowshoe Creek F60810 — BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0), SOCK(0)
199267_ds_ed1 Driscoll Creek F60811 CHIN(4) BULT(1), COHO(0), SOCK(0)
199267_us_ed1b Driscoll Creek F20401 — BULT(1), CHIN(0)
199273_ds_ed1 Hankins Creek F60812 BULT(10) CHIN(0), COHO(0), SOCK(0)
199278_ds_ed1 Teepee Creek F61131 BULT(127), RAIN(47) CHIN(0), COHO(0)
199278_us_ed1 Teepee Creek F61132 BULT(138), RAIN(20) CHIN(0), COHO(0)
203578_ds_ed1 Tributary To Willow River F61135 RAIN(67) BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0)
203581_us_ed1a Tributary To Fraser River F61123 RAIN(54) BULT(2), CHIN(2), COHO(0)
203581_us_ed1b Tributary To Fraser River F61124 RAIN(51) BULT(0), CHIN(3)*, COHO(0)
203582_us_ed1a Tabor Creek F60506 CHIN(56)*, RAIN(1281) BULT(0), COHO(0), SOCK(1)
203582_us_ed1b Tabor Creek F60507 CHIN(37)*, RAIN(1871) BULT(0), COHO(0), SOCK(0)
23919_ds_ed1a Swift Creek F60813 yes BULT(62), CHIN(138), SOCK(332) COHO(0)
24715757_ds_ed1 Snowshoe Creek F20402 BULT(4), CHIN(49) —


Field blanks

Field blanks filter distilled water at the field site to test for protocol contamination during collection and processing. Detections in blanks indicate potential cross-contamination, not species presence at the location — these rows are presented for QA transparency only, not as eDNA detections.

edna_field_blanks |>
  fpr::fpr_kable(
    caption_text = "Field blanks collected during the 2025 eDNA program in the Fraser project area. Detections in blanks reflect protocol-side contamination, not site eDNA.",
    scroll = FALSE
  )
Table 5.14: Field blanks collected during the 2025 eDNA program in the Fraser project area. Detections in blanks reflect protocol-side contamination, not site eDNA.
Site ID Stream UNBC ID Detected Not detected
199267_us_ed1a Driscoll Creek F61130 — BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0), RAIN(0)
23919_ds_ed1b Swift Creek F60814 — BULT(0), CHIN(0), COHO(0), SOCK(0)


Retests

UNBC reran a subset of samples to confirm borderline results. The table below lists every site × species combination that was rerun, including reruns of both real environmental samples and field blanks.

if (nrow(edna_retests) > 0) {
  edna_retests |>
    fpr::fpr_kable(
      caption_text = "UNBC retests for the 2025 Fraser eDNA samples. Runs is the total number of times the sample x species combination was assayed; Max droplets is the highest positive-droplet count observed across all runs.",
      scroll = gitbook_on
    )
} else {
  cat("No retests in the Fraser 2025 batch.\n")
}
Table 5.15: UNBC retests for the 2025 Fraser eDNA samples. Runs is the total number of times the sample x species combination was assayed; Max droplets is the highest positive-droplet count observed across all runs.
Site ID Stream Species Code Sample type Runs Max droplets Result
196332_us_ed1 S. Yuzkli Creek Bull Trout BULT environmental 6 2 No detection (0 droplets)
196332_us_ed1 S. Yuzkli Creek Rainbow Trout RAIN environmental 4 0 No detection (0 droplets)
199190_ds_ed1 Creek Creek Chinook Salmon CHIN environmental 2 0 No detection (0 droplets)
203581_us_ed1a Tributary To Fraser River Bull Trout BULT environmental 4 2 No detection (0 droplets)
203581_us_ed1a Tributary To Fraser River Chinook Salmon CHIN environmental 4 2 No detection (0 droplets)
203581_us_ed1b Tributary To Fraser River Chinook Salmon CHIN environmental 4 3 No detection (0 droplets)
203582_us_ed1a Tabor Creek Chinook Salmon CHIN environmental 2 56 Detected (≥4 droplets)
203582_us_ed1b Tabor Creek Chinook Salmon CHIN environmental 2 37 Detected (≥4 droplets)


Interactive map

The interactive Fraser eDNA map shows site-level detection results with toggleable per-species layers and an opt-in Controls layer for field blanks. See the interactive Fraser eDNA map.

knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo=FALSE, message=FALSE, warning=FALSE)
source('scripts/packages.R')
source('scripts/tables.R')
source('scripts/functions.R')
my_site <- 126158